PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Klimeš, Ivan TI - Man and machine in the biograph. Film performance in the silent era DP - 1993 Mar 1 TA - Iluminace PG - 45--73 VI - 5 IP - 1 IS - 0862397X AB - The author focuses on music and sound in the cinemas of the silent era, the question of synchronizing live musical accompaniment with the technically fixed but variable-speed projected image, the development of new forms of cultural industries tied to the operation of cinemas, and in general the relationship between the live, i.e. unique elements of film performance and their reproduction layer.