PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Hubáček, Tomáš
TI  - Direct Professionalisation of Directors in Animation
DP  - 2024 Jun 17
TA  - Iluminace
PG  - 93--120
VI  - 36
IP  - 1
AID - 10.58193/ilu.1773
IS  - 0862397X
AB  - The presented study focuses on a remarkable phenomenon of Czechoslovak animated cinema. In the 1970s, Czechoslovakia witnessed a unique combination of two different worlds - amateur and animated film. Amateur directors of animated films could proceed directly to professional directing without obtaining a proper university film education or the need to undergo previous studio practice. This was made possible for five of them on the basis of their previous successes at amateur festivals and their unique artistic style. For these purposes, the text defines the term "direct professionalisation" and explains its aspects. The study traces the directors' entry into the professional sphere, their continuity or discontinuity with amateur work and the change in their creative styles necessitated by their work in state film studios. Besides the directors themselves, the study focuses on the figure who fundamentally made their professionalisation possible - Jan Poš, dramaturge of Krátký film, who maintained close contacts with the amateur cinema world, can be considered a broker according to the terminology of actor network theory. As described in this thesis, the process of so-called direct professionalisation did not only occur in Bohemia, but also in Slovakia. Around the same time, Rudolf Urc, also a dramaturg, was a broker there. His position is roughly comparable to that of Jan Poš, and it is possible that these professionalisation processes also occurred in other countries with state-socialist modes of film production.